The role of parents and teachers in the human development of the child during adolescence.
Adolescence is an important and sensitive time in the human life cycle. The whole world has come to a standstill today because of COVID-19. But about 16 percent (1.2 billion) of the world's population are in various stages of adolescence. They are very helpless in a closed room today. But in contemporary discussions, there is less room to think about them. Even in the 21st century, many people do not know what adolescence is, what physical, psychological, or security problems teenagers face at this time. Every country in the developed world attaches great importance to this generation in the pursuit of education, health, family and social security, and intelligence-based careers.
Adolescence is specifically protected under the World Health Organization, UNESCO's Convention on the Rights of the Child. But in low- and middle-income countries, the needs, and weaknesses of all children are still largely ignored due to a lack of real knowledge and awareness.
Even in the late nineteenth century, adolescent development was not a significant issue for psychologists. The main reason for this was the underdeveloped and agrarian society. Based on Darwin's theory of evolution and Ernst Haeckel's repetition theory, the American psychologist Granville Stanley Hall first discusses the mind of adolescents with great importance and redefines this development of the child. According to him, ‘children walk on all fours at an early age, behave rudely and barbarically during adolescence and finally become a healthy-normal person. He was the first to call adolescence a ‘storm'. When a child enters adolescence beyond childhood, the radical changes in his life cycle are very natural. In this sensitive time of human life, the initial processes of complete human and biological change in a child inevitably begin. New hormones are made in the body. This natural transformation serves as the primary step in making him a healthy, normal, and fully human beings. This suggests how sensitive this period of a child's growth is.
The puberty cycle lasts for 10-19 years and consists of three stages (puberty, early and late adolescence). It is a fast-moving time in the human life cycle, and it ends in a very short time. At this time, the basic characteristics of becoming a full and healthy human being are observed in both the boy and the girl physically. Such as changes in shape, weight changes, tone breakdown, the emergence of early sexual characteristics, etc. That is, adolescent traits are transmitted. In this phase, both the characteristics of childhood and adolescence are observed in the child. The point is that they are neither small nor big. Apart from that, because of the significant changes in the body or mind at this time, both open or conservative behavior with them is dangerous. Therefore, parents had to take scientific-practical steps around all kinds of physical and mental developments starting from the eating habits of this age group. In addition, the safety of these age groups should be taken into consideration very seriously.
During adolescence, along with various physical changes, there is also a huge change in the mental state. In this case, various behavioral abnormalities are more visible to us. Strong interest in independent expression, out of parental rigidity, attraction to forbidden things, intense attraction to friends, mood swings, depression, over-morality, the influence of superstition or ultra-modernity, lack of self-confidence, interest in ideal lifestyle, inclination towards antisocial work, Smoking, or drug use from frustration or depression, conflicts of interest, juvenile delinquency, physical beauty concerns, extroversion, daydreaming, career orientation, tendency to form emotionally focused relationships, choosing suicide by focusing to neglect in the preferred place, etc. These are very visible and common changes in adolescents. The scientific explanation for this is that during this time, the electrical and neural connections in their brains underwent radical changes, producing more than twice as many neurons. Throughout adolescence, cells in the frontal lobe of the brain and cell connections grow very rapidly. Older people usually use the frontal lobe of their knowledge and logic, but in adolescence, this part of the brain remains incomplete. So, they are controlled by a kind of nucleus in the brain called the amygdala (which is basically controls a person's smell, feelings, stimuli, and emotional behavior). As a result, their decisions are emotional and exuberant.
Since the place of relationship for a teenager is his family, and other members of the family, but the role of parents is the main one. Because, if a teenager gets a scientifically balanced guideline from his parents, then 70 percent of his needs are met. In this case, parents need to know the changes in adolescence very closely and act accordingly. Parental orientation is also very important in this regard. For example, a teenager may be attracted to the opposite sex for very reasonable reasons, or he may involve himself in an inconsistent relationship. What to do in that field? Anger, gossip, house arrest, not being allowed to go to school or college, not being separated from friends or family is not necessary. Because, you have to keep it in mind, at the end of the day the child is yours. Any loss of it is your loss. So as a tolerant and practical parent, the child's problem must be solved with sincerity, love, and necessary counseling. Since this age is full of emotions, it is necessary to guide him on the right path with passion and love. Family norms, values, and proper monitoring are crucial. Adolescents need to have parental interconnections with their physical health and every mental need. From eating habits to studies, likes, and dislikes, making friends — there must be very important monitoring in every case. Adolescence is not just an age of change. His personality, what will be the way forward, what direction his career will take — everything is determined between the ages of 10-18. Therefore, the importance of the guardian as the initial determinant of taking a positive view of this time and moving forward scientifically is immense.
Adolescents are a larger part of society. Social organizations have important partnerships in their proper growth. Basically, the main interaction of teenagers is done in school or college. A school and its faculty play a very effective role in their lives. At this age, they are more attracted to teachers than parents. With a wealth of information, a teacher has the magical power to turn their lives around. So the teacher has to be a friend, a philosopher, a living guideline at the same time. Appreciation of the teacher, the willing attitude plays an important role in creating motivation in this age group. The teacher has a role to play in determining the content of abstract thinking in the development of knowledge. As a mind reader, it is a great professional responsibility of a teacher to provide appropriate instruction using the potential intelligence of teenage students.
According to psychologists, children of this age are preparing to create their future life based on family discipline and religious ideals. True religious knowledge, development, and practice of values are important at this time. In particular, scientific, and logical religious knowledge free from superstitions about life-style, friends-family, individual, and social life can play an extraordinary role in shaping the lives of adolescents. In this case, religious institutions and responsible people have an important role.
The role of the state in the health, education, and safety of adolescents is important in the national interest. Proper government planning for adolescence, setting a life-oriented curriculum, grants, incentives, constructive management is very important. Education, media, information, and communication technology plays a direct role in the growth of this generation. Therefore, a clear and effective direction of the government is necessary in this regard. The government's plans and policies need to be determined on the issues of adolescent benefits and disadvantages, adolescent allowance, education, knowledge, and science, the practice of social, and cultural values and life. It will serve as a flow chart as a milestone in nation-building by transmitting from state to society, from society to family, from family to children and adolescents.
Adolescents are becoming more and more vulnerable to cyberbullying and subculture at home and abroad. The state has to take the main responsibility of protecting it and bringing it back to the mainstream culture and values.
During the Corona period, these people are living a life of confinement in a closed house. There is no way out. In addition to academic reading, the family should take strategic initiatives to create interest in reading books of choice and practicing thematic knowledge from the Internet. They should be involved in teaching and learning activities at the initiative of the educational institution or the faculty. They can be involved in various activities including innovative activities, writing, online groups with like-minded friends, and studies about the world of their choice. The government can organize online life skills, and survival based training programs, composition competitions, painting, and music competitions around this age group. No limitation in the world can stop the inexhaustible power of man. Even in times of lockdown, it is wise to move forward with good habits, knowledge practice, and the opportunity to take responsibility for one's family.
The whole system has to play a significant role in ensuring that the proper conduct of family, the role of other institutions including educational institutions, the positive pedagogical issues of the local media, and the safety issues in net surfing can be learned academically. Adolescents who are safe in the family, social, and state will be responsible and real artisans of the building the country of the future. The five steps (Micro, Meso, Macro, Exo, and Chrono) of Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theory provide guidance on the ecological development of children and adolescents. According to this theory, the balance between family, social institutional relationship with family, parents' workplace, culture, state policymaking, and adapting to the needs of the time is basically like a chain in the cyclical process of proper growth of children and adolescents. The whole process of healthy growth of children and adolescents can break down in the rhythm of any one of these steps.
Adolescence is specifically protected under the World Health Organization, UNESCO's Convention on the Rights of the Child. But in low- and middle-income countries, the needs, and weaknesses of all children are still largely ignored due to a lack of real knowledge and awareness.
Even in the late nineteenth century, adolescent development was not a significant issue for psychologists. The main reason for this was the underdeveloped and agrarian society. Based on Darwin's theory of evolution and Ernst Haeckel's repetition theory, the American psychologist Granville Stanley Hall first discusses the mind of adolescents with great importance and redefines this development of the child. According to him, ‘children walk on all fours at an early age, behave rudely and barbarically during adolescence and finally become a healthy-normal person. He was the first to call adolescence a ‘storm'. When a child enters adolescence beyond childhood, the radical changes in his life cycle are very natural. In this sensitive time of human life, the initial processes of complete human and biological change in a child inevitably begin. New hormones are made in the body. This natural transformation serves as the primary step in making him a healthy, normal, and fully human beings. This suggests how sensitive this period of a child's growth is.
The puberty cycle lasts for 10-19 years and consists of three stages (puberty, early and late adolescence). It is a fast-moving time in the human life cycle, and it ends in a very short time. At this time, the basic characteristics of becoming a full and healthy human being are observed in both the boy and the girl physically. Such as changes in shape, weight changes, tone breakdown, the emergence of early sexual characteristics, etc. That is, adolescent traits are transmitted. In this phase, both the characteristics of childhood and adolescence are observed in the child. The point is that they are neither small nor big. Apart from that, because of the significant changes in the body or mind at this time, both open or conservative behavior with them is dangerous. Therefore, parents had to take scientific-practical steps around all kinds of physical and mental developments starting from the eating habits of this age group. In addition, the safety of these age groups should be taken into consideration very seriously.
During adolescence, along with various physical changes, there is also a huge change in the mental state. In this case, various behavioral abnormalities are more visible to us. Strong interest in independent expression, out of parental rigidity, attraction to forbidden things, intense attraction to friends, mood swings, depression, over-morality, the influence of superstition or ultra-modernity, lack of self-confidence, interest in ideal lifestyle, inclination towards antisocial work, Smoking, or drug use from frustration or depression, conflicts of interest, juvenile delinquency, physical beauty concerns, extroversion, daydreaming, career orientation, tendency to form emotionally focused relationships, choosing suicide by focusing to neglect in the preferred place, etc. These are very visible and common changes in adolescents. The scientific explanation for this is that during this time, the electrical and neural connections in their brains underwent radical changes, producing more than twice as many neurons. Throughout adolescence, cells in the frontal lobe of the brain and cell connections grow very rapidly. Older people usually use the frontal lobe of their knowledge and logic, but in adolescence, this part of the brain remains incomplete. So, they are controlled by a kind of nucleus in the brain called the amygdala (which is basically controls a person's smell, feelings, stimuli, and emotional behavior). As a result, their decisions are emotional and exuberant.
Since the place of relationship for a teenager is his family, and other members of the family, but the role of parents is the main one. Because, if a teenager gets a scientifically balanced guideline from his parents, then 70 percent of his needs are met. In this case, parents need to know the changes in adolescence very closely and act accordingly. Parental orientation is also very important in this regard. For example, a teenager may be attracted to the opposite sex for very reasonable reasons, or he may involve himself in an inconsistent relationship. What to do in that field? Anger, gossip, house arrest, not being allowed to go to school or college, not being separated from friends or family is not necessary. Because, you have to keep it in mind, at the end of the day the child is yours. Any loss of it is your loss. So as a tolerant and practical parent, the child's problem must be solved with sincerity, love, and necessary counseling. Since this age is full of emotions, it is necessary to guide him on the right path with passion and love. Family norms, values, and proper monitoring are crucial. Adolescents need to have parental interconnections with their physical health and every mental need. From eating habits to studies, likes, and dislikes, making friends — there must be very important monitoring in every case. Adolescence is not just an age of change. His personality, what will be the way forward, what direction his career will take — everything is determined between the ages of 10-18. Therefore, the importance of the guardian as the initial determinant of taking a positive view of this time and moving forward scientifically is immense.
Adolescents are a larger part of society. Social organizations have important partnerships in their proper growth. Basically, the main interaction of teenagers is done in school or college. A school and its faculty play a very effective role in their lives. At this age, they are more attracted to teachers than parents. With a wealth of information, a teacher has the magical power to turn their lives around. So the teacher has to be a friend, a philosopher, a living guideline at the same time. Appreciation of the teacher, the willing attitude plays an important role in creating motivation in this age group. The teacher has a role to play in determining the content of abstract thinking in the development of knowledge. As a mind reader, it is a great professional responsibility of a teacher to provide appropriate instruction using the potential intelligence of teenage students.
According to psychologists, children of this age are preparing to create their future life based on family discipline and religious ideals. True religious knowledge, development, and practice of values are important at this time. In particular, scientific, and logical religious knowledge free from superstitions about life-style, friends-family, individual, and social life can play an extraordinary role in shaping the lives of adolescents. In this case, religious institutions and responsible people have an important role.
The role of the state in the health, education, and safety of adolescents is important in the national interest. Proper government planning for adolescence, setting a life-oriented curriculum, grants, incentives, constructive management is very important. Education, media, information, and communication technology plays a direct role in the growth of this generation. Therefore, a clear and effective direction of the government is necessary in this regard. The government's plans and policies need to be determined on the issues of adolescent benefits and disadvantages, adolescent allowance, education, knowledge, and science, the practice of social, and cultural values and life. It will serve as a flow chart as a milestone in nation-building by transmitting from state to society, from society to family, from family to children and adolescents.
Adolescents are becoming more and more vulnerable to cyberbullying and subculture at home and abroad. The state has to take the main responsibility of protecting it and bringing it back to the mainstream culture and values.
During the Corona period, these people are living a life of confinement in a closed house. There is no way out. In addition to academic reading, the family should take strategic initiatives to create interest in reading books of choice and practicing thematic knowledge from the Internet. They should be involved in teaching and learning activities at the initiative of the educational institution or the faculty. They can be involved in various activities including innovative activities, writing, online groups with like-minded friends, and studies about the world of their choice. The government can organize online life skills, and survival based training programs, composition competitions, painting, and music competitions around this age group. No limitation in the world can stop the inexhaustible power of man. Even in times of lockdown, it is wise to move forward with good habits, knowledge practice, and the opportunity to take responsibility for one's family.
The whole system has to play a significant role in ensuring that the proper conduct of family, the role of other institutions including educational institutions, the positive pedagogical issues of the local media, and the safety issues in net surfing can be learned academically. Adolescents who are safe in the family, social, and state will be responsible and real artisans of the building the country of the future. The five steps (Micro, Meso, Macro, Exo, and Chrono) of Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theory provide guidance on the ecological development of children and adolescents. According to this theory, the balance between family, social institutional relationship with family, parents' workplace, culture, state policymaking, and adapting to the needs of the time is basically like a chain in the cyclical process of proper growth of children and adolescents. The whole process of healthy growth of children and adolescents can break down in the rhythm of any one of these steps.
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